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Microfabrication Processes
Useful information related to microfabrication processes including lithography, chemical etching, substrate cleaning, photoresists, RIE etching, metal and dielectric thin film deposition, oxide growth, ion implantation, diffusion, photomask design, and much more!
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Etching Resources
Chemical Etching
This guide provides information on etching metals and semiconductors including mixing ratios of different etchants.
A list providing some general etch information. Specific etches of certain materials are given, along with information about what else should or should not be etched by the etchant. Some etch rates are provided.
A comprehensive list of etchants for over 50 different metals, semiconductors and cleanroom materials. Some etch rates are given.
Etch rates For silicon, silicon nitride, and silicon dioxide in varying concentrations and temperatures of KOH.
Etch rates and products for semiconductor etching. All information is from Transene.
Explains the process of Reactive Ion Etching and lists recipes for etching of different materials, including silicon, silicon nitride, silicon dioxide, and photoresist.
Photolithography Resources
Lithography Materials
Information on photoresists, adhesion promoters, and spin-on materials used in the IML.
Information about the different photoresists, adhesion promoters, and spin-on materials used in the IML, including recipes and spin speeds.
Here are some tips for improving AZ 3330 adhesion to a glass substrate.
Lithography Procedures
Contains a basic lithography tutorial, a tutorial for mask alignment, and step by step instructions for doing lithography in the IML.
A simple tutorial on the basics of the photolithography process.
Step by step directions for using either positive or negative photoresist for photolithography.
A tutorial for learning the mask alignment procedure.
Definitions of common lithography terms.
Photomasks
Contains a tutorial for designing photomasks using Cadence and instructions on getting a photomask fabricated here in the IML or through an outside company.
We usually design our photomasks with Cadence. This is a tutorial on using Cadence.
High resolution printing can be used as a lower-cost solution to make photomasks with features down to 50 microns.
We can produce our own photomasks with the pattern generator in the IML.
Links to several commercial photomask production facilities.
Thin Film Deposition and Growth
Oxide Growth Resources
Calculators for wet and dry silicon dioxide growth time and for calculating oxide thickness for a given time, as well as a film color calculator for a given oxide film thickness.
Input the initial and desired thickness, temperature, crystal orientation, and environment to calculate the thermal oxide growth time on silicon.
Enter the initial thickness, temperature, crystal orientation, environment, and time to determine final thickness of thermally grown oxide on silicon.
Determines the visible color for silicon dioxide and silicon nitride films given the film thickness and viewing angle.
Recipies for Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition of silicon nitride, silicon dioxide, amphorous silicon, and silicon oxynitride.
Information on different methods of metal deposition including E-beam evaporation, thermal filament evaporation, and sputtering. Also includes information on deposition uniformity and step coverage.
This guide lists many properties of common thin film materials including density, Z-ratio, melting point, vapor pressures. Preferred evaporation methods and crucible liners are also listed.
Semiconductor Doping Resources
Ion Implantation
Calculators and interactive graphs for ion implantation profiles, projected range and straggle, and ionization breakdown for various dopants and substrates. Also provides links to some commercial ion implantation houses.
Calculate the ion concentration at various depths in different substrates for Arsenic, Boron, and Phosphorous. Interactive graph plots the impurity concentration vs. substrate depth for different substrates, dopants, ion energies, and ion doses.
Calculate the projected range and straggle for ion implantation of various dopants, substrates, and ionization energies.
Provides links to several ion implantation houses and other services.
Calculate impurity and dopant concentrations at various depths in silicon, gallium arsenide, and other semiconductor substrates for intrinsic diffusion. This calculator includes both constant-total and constant-surface concentration profiles! Interactive graph plots the impurity concentration vs. substrate depth or diffusion profile for various input parameters such as annealing temperature and time.
General Information
This guide contains information on the various characteristics and properties of semiconductor wafers including:
crystallographic information on silicon and other semiconductors, metallurgical fabrication tutorials, wafer quality descriptions,
and Industry standards. Wafer providers, processing centers, a glossary and other Wafer providers, processing centers, a glossary and other educational information are also provided.
Directions for cleaning substrates to remove organic, oxide, and metallic contaminants
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